Steam autoclaves efficiently heat or cool a wide range of substances, which include both liquid and solid materials, at very high temperatures. It is the most commonly used autoclave. It can also be known as a dry bath or dry heat bath. It uses high temperature and high-pressure steam to destroy microorganisms. Sterification involves absolute destruction of microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, yeasts, prions, fungi, and viruses that are present in bodily fluids, on contaminated surfaces of medical material, in drugs or medical culture media, and on surfaces of objects used in the autoclave.
Steam autoclaves is usually pumped in a chamber where the object is placed. After heating for a period that depends upon the object to be autoclaved, the steam is removed by a vacuum. A high-pressure steam autoclave machine uses the high temperature of the steam and the high pressure of water to sterilize and/or sterilize the surface to be sterilized. Autoclave machine has been widely used for food processing especially in food manufacturing plants.
High temperature and high pressure of steam are required to destroy microorganisms because microorganisms can grow at relatively high temperatures and at high pressure. The heat and pressure of steam are usually supplied by conventional steam boilers. In food processing, food is cooked at boiling temperatures and then frozen. After freezing, these edible items are usually sanitized by being subjected to high temperatures and, sometimes, high pressures of autoclave to kill microorganisms present in the raw food. Although the pressure and heat of steam autoclaves are necessary for sanitizing and killing microorganisms, these methods can be unsuitable for some health care applications such as infective endocarditis, anthrax, patients with a weakened immune system, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, oral cavity, and surgical wounds.
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